NSF award 2555943 · William Marsh Rice University

GEM: Resolving the Role of Low-Entropy Plasma Bubbles in Generating Prompt Penetration Electric Fields

Final report due

28 November 2029

in 1,137 days · The award ends on 31 July 2029.

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So the final report is due by 28 November 2029.

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Award card

Award number: 2555943
Period of support: 15 Aug 2026 – 31 Jul 2029
Amount: $464,853
Awardee: William Marsh Rice University, Houston, TX
Program: MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS
Directorate: GEO

Abstract

Predicting the response of the equatorial ionosphere during geomagnetic storms remains one of the most persistent challenges in space weather science. The primary driver of these disturbances is the Prompt Penetration Electric Field (PPEF), which can cause rapid, large-scale redistributions of ionospheric plasma. This research identifies an unaccounted-for internal driver: “plasma bubbles.” These are low-entropy…

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